In this context, "environment" refers to any item in contact with food—including materials, premises, and even operators—that could be a source of contamination. ISO - International Organization for Standardization 2. Standardized Sampling Techniques
For larger surface areas (e.g., a whole conveyor belt or a cutting block), swabs are too small. Sterile sponges or cloths are used to wipe a larger zone. In this context, "environment" refers to any item