For basic errors, you can also use Windows' built-in utility by running the command chkdsk /f /r Command Prompt

is a professional-grade software tool used for deep-level hard drive diagnostics, firmware repair, and data recovery. Unlike standard consumer tools, it is designed for technicians to access a drive's firmware and system area to fix complex issues like corrupted translators or "slow response" bugs. Software Overview & Availability

Freeware for diagnostics and changing HDD parameters (AAM, APM).